Sun printing may refer to various printing techniques which use sunlight as a developing or fixative agent.
Techniques
Cyanotype
Cyanotype, also referred to as "blueprinting", is the oldest non-silver photographic printing process.
It involves exposing materials which have been treated with a solution of potassium ferricyanide and ferric ammonium citrate to a UV light source such as the sun. Negative or positive images can be obtained by blocking UV light from reaching the sensitized material. For example, a negative image can be produced by placing a leaf upon paper treated with this solution and exposing to sunlight for 10 to 20 minutes. The paper will retain the image of the leaf after it has been rinsed with water. Once the paper dries, parts that were exposed to the sun will turn a shade of
Prussian blue, while parts that were covered by the leaf will remain white.
Light-sensitive vat dyes
A specialized type of
vat dye called
Inkodye is also used for sun-printing due to its light-sensitive quality.
[ How to Dye and Paint Fabric with Light] Unlike other vat dyes which use oxygen to develop their color, Inkodyes are developed by light.
These dyes are suspended in
Leuco dye appearing colorless until they are exposed to UV. Their usage resembles that of cyanotype, but unlike cyanotype Inkodyes are primarily used on textiles and exist in a full range of colors.
Exposure times vary from 3 to 15 minutes depending on the desired color and intensity of light.
Once exposed, the sensitized material is washed in soapy water to remove dye from unexposed areas. Such dyes are typically used by craftspeople, fabric printers and artists and can be printed with photographic negatives,
Resist dyeing or through a
Screen Printing.
Potassium dichromate
Sun printing may also refer to a
photographic process using potassium dichromate which produces a negative plate for conventional
Lithography. The process uses a film of
gelatine spread on a flat and rigid surface. This is coated with a dilute solution of potassium dichromate and dried in low light conditions. A translucent positive is secured in tight contact with the treated gelatine layer and exposed to bright sunlight for a period of up to 30 minutes. During this time the sunlight and potassium dichromate tan the gelatine exposed to light. The plate is developed by washing in warm water and removing the untanned gelatine. Once dry, a
relief print is revealed on the plate. The surface can be
and printed in a hand press to produce any number of identical prints of the original subject.
Further reading
External links
